Solid hardwood flooring is constructed of real, solid wood. Planks and strips are made from a single solid piece of wood and can be cut in differing ways to create various looks. These floors can be maintained for a very long time with proper care.
When the wood is cut to show patterns of wide grain in each plank, it is known as plain sawn or flat sawn. This method is the standard in cutting logs. A quarter sawn piece is cut into the log at right angles, so that it shows the growth rings of the wood. These pieces are typically cut 1/16” wide or more which offers advanced stability as humidity changes.
Rift sawn planks are cut out of the center of the log. A slightly different angle is used to make each cut. This results in a satisfying uniformity as the planks are quite similar in pattern. Rift sawn is the most expensive of the milling methods, but also results in planks that are most stable.
Two major types of construction can form engineered hardwood floors. Both are constructed from plywood cores and topped off with a layer of the finished wood called veneer. The three-ply will have a total of three layers consisting of the balance sheet, the core layer and veneer top. The multi-ply has a thicker core of five to eleven plys and then the top veneer layer. Veneers are created in two ways. Veneers which are rotary peeled are made by peeling away the top layer of a log as it is rolled on a machine. Thinner veneers, 1/8 “ or less, are generally made in this manner. Thicker veneers are typically sawed as a cutting machine slices pieces of lumber.
Hardwood flooring can be designed in numerous ways as many options are presented. The type of wood you choose will greatly affect the look and cost of your flooring. Domestic, North American woods give the classic, warm ambiance to a room. Some of these include hickory, white oak, red oak, North American maple, alder, ash, North American cherry, black walnut and beech. Exotic woods are imported from around the world. These will give you a more unique floor. Such woods include jatoba, ipe, mahogany, merbau, wenge, zebrawood, teak, santos mahogany, tigerwood, cumaru, Pantagonian rosewood and African mahogany.
Though most hardwood flooring is seen in a smooth finish, other textures are offered. A distressed texture is done so by hand or machine in a factory. This can give a lived-in look immediately. Flooring pieces can also be hand-scraped to provide a naturally worn, antique appearance. Wire brushed texture brings out the grainy feel and effect of the wood as the sapwood is removed.













